Blood sb. World English Historical Dictionary

Blood sb. World English Historical Dictionary Dictionary Biographies Literary Criticism Welcome Terms of Service ⧏ Previous Next ⧐ Contents Slice Contents Key Bibliographic Record Murray’s New English Dictionary. 1888, rev. 2024. Blood sb. Forms: 1 blód, 2–5 blod (ō), 4–6 blode, 4– blood. Also 4 blodde, 5 bloode, 6–7 bloude, 6–8 bloud, 6 bludde, blud; Sc. 4–6 blud, 5–8 blude, 8–9 bluid, Sc. n.e. dial. bleid, bleed. [Com. Teut.: OE. blód = OFris., OS. blôd (LG. blôd, Du. bloed), OHG. blôt, bluot (mod.Ger. blut), ON. blóð (Sw., Da. blod), Goth. blôþ:—OTeut. *blôdo(m, answering to an Aryan type *bhlātó(m, not found with a suitable sense outside Teutonic, there being no general Aryan name for ‘blood’; doubtfully referred to verbal root blō- ‘blow, bloom,’ which suits the form, but is less certain as to the sense. Like some other words in OE. long ó, blood has undergone more than the normal phonetic change; this would have left it (blūd), rhyming with food, wooed; early in 16th c. the vowel was shortened (blud, blud), as in good, wood, and this subsequently changed to v (blvd), as in flood and Sc. wud = wood, etc.]

1   I.  Literally.

2   1.  prop. The red liquid circulating in the arteries and veins of man and the higher animals, by which the tissues are constantly nourished and renewed; also (by later extension) the corresponding liquid, colored or colorless, in animals of lower organization.

3 c. 1000.  Ags. Gosp., John vi. 55. Min blod is drinc.

4 a. 1100.  O. E. Chron., an. 1012. His haliʓe blod on ða eorðan feoll.

5 c. 1175.  Lamb. Hom., 187. Þi blod isched on þe rode.

6 a. 1300.  Cursor M., 9999. It es rede als ani blod.

7 c. 1360.  Song Mercy, in E. E. P. (1862), 120. Myn herte blood . ran from me doun.

8 c. 1440.  Promp. Parv., 40. Blode.

9 1483.  Cath. Angl., 35. Blude.

10 1538.  Wriothesley, Chron. (1875), I. 90. Yt was no bloude.

11 1563.  Homilies, II. Rebellion, I. (1859), 558. No shedder of our bloods.

12 1580.  Baret, Alv., B 840. Bludde, sanguis.

13 1595.  Shaks., John, II. i. 48. We shall repent each drop of bloud.

14 1611.  Bible, Lev. xvii. 14. Ye shall not eat the blood of no maner of flesh: for the life of all flesh is the blood thereof.

15 1654.  Trapp, Comm. Ps. iv. 3. The bloud of a Swine might not be offered in Sacrifices.

16 1711.  Lond. Gaz., No. 4793/1. On the 16th the Blood of St. Januarius was exposed as usually.

17 1786.  Burns, Wks., III. 21. But feels his heart’s bluid rising hot.

18 1861.  Hulme, trans. Moquin-Tandon, II. I. 38. The blood, or nutrient fluid, is a liquid of a more or less intense red … at other times it is almost colourless, as in most of the invertebrated animals.

19   b.  Flesh and blood: the distinctive characteristics of the animal body; hence = ‘humanity’ as opposed to ‘deity or disembodied spirit.’ See FLESH.

20   † c.  To the blood: through the outer skin, ‘to the quick,’ till the blood flows; also fig. Obs.

21 a. 1300.  Cursor M., 16230. I rede men … bete him to þe blod.

22 1662.  Pepys, Diary, 10 Oct. I could not get on my boots, which vexed me to the blood.

23   † d.  To let blood (in Surgery): to open a vein so as to let blood flow from the body; to bleed; also transf. to shed the blood of, to put to death. With indirect passive, ‘he was let blood.’ arch.

24 c. 1000.  Sax. Leechd., III. 184. Mona se ðridda … nis na god mona blod lætan.

25 1483.  Cath. Angl., 35. To latt Blude, fleobotomare.

26 1526.  Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W., 1531), 107 b. Spared not to suffer hym selfe to be let blode.

27 1588.  Shaks., L. L. L., II. i. 186. Is the soule sicke?… Alacke, let it bloud. Ibid. (1594), Rich. III., III. i. 180. His ancient Knot of dangerous Aduersaries To morrow are let blood at Pomfret Castle.

28 1614.  Markham, Cheap Husb., I. i. (1668), 7. It is good whilst a horse is in youth … to let him blood twice in the year.

29 1679.  Jesuites Ghostly Ways, 7. She was the next morning early to be let blood.

30 1725.  Bradley, Fam. Dict., s.v. Garden, Let them Blood in the Neck-Vein.

31 c. 1819.  Keats, Ode to Fanny, 1. Physician Nature! let my spirit blood! O ease my heart of verse and let me rest.

32   e.  Formerly used in oaths and forcible ejaculations, as God’s blood! Christ’s blood! ’S blood! and Blood! (cf. ’s wounds, ZOUNDS.)

33 a. 1541.  Wyatt, Defence, Wks. (1861), Pref. 39. God’s blood, the King set me in the Tower.

34 c. 1590.  Marlowe, Faust (2nd vers.), 1028. Blood, he speaks terribly!

35 1599.  Shaks., Hen. V., IV. viii. 10. ’Sblud, an arrant Traytor as any es in the Vniuersall World.

36 1607.  Heywood, Wom. Kilde, Wks. 1874, II. 119. Sblood sir I loue you.

37 1762.  Sterne, Tr. Shandy, V. xxi. 89. Blood an ’ounds, shouted the corporal.

38 1822.  Byron, Juan, VIII. i. Oh blood and thunder! and oh blood and wounds! These are but vulgar oaths.

39   2.  fig. and transf. Applied, always with conscious reference to prec., to liquids or juices in some way resembling or suggesting it, as a. to a blood-like juice; b. poet. to the water of a river personified; c. by partially scientific analogy, to the sap of plants.

40 1382.  Wyclif, Gen. xlix. 11. He shal wasshe … in blood of a grape his mantil.

41 1607.  Shaks., Timon, IV. iii. 432. Go, sucke the subtle blood o’ th’ Grape.

42 1807.  J. E. Smith, Phys. Bot., 45. It [the sap] is really the blood of the plant, by which its whole body is nourished.

43 1842.  C. Johnson, Farmer’s Cycl., s.v. Aortal, The elaborated juice or blood of plants.

44 1854.  B. Taylor, Poems Orient (1866), 138. I from the flood Of his own brown blood will drink to the glory of ancient Nilus! Ibid., 162. Golden blood of Lebanon.

45   3.  Blood shed; hence, bloodshed, shedding of blood; taking of life, manslaughter, murder, death.

46 c. 1000.  Ælfric, Gen. iv. 10. Ðines broðor blod clypað up to me of eorðan.

47 1382.  Wyclif, Isa. i. 15. Ȝoure hondis ben ful of blod.

48 1593.  Hooker, Eccl. Pol., Pref. ii. § 5. Either my blood or banishment shall sign it.

49 a. 1604.  Hanmer, Chron. Irel. (1633), 122. Bent to blood and villany.

50 1609.  Bible (Douay), Nahum iii. 1. Wo to thee ô citie of blouds.

51 a. 1639.  W. Whateley, Prototypes, II. xxix. (1640), 144. Beware of Blouds.

52 1648.  Resol. Officers of Parl. Army. That it is our duty … to call Charles Stuart, that man of blood, to an account for that blood he has shed … in these poor nations.

53 1711.  Addison, Spect., No. 99, ¶ 7. An Affront that nothing but Blood can expiate.

54 1866.  Felton, Anc. & Mod. Gr., I. xi. 205. Then blood doth blood Demand.

55 1878.  Morley, Crit. Misc. (1886), I. 107. The true inquisitor is a creature of policy, not a man of blood by taste.

56   b.  Often used in the Bible and theological language for blood shed in sacrifice; esp. the atoning sacrifice of Christ.

57 c. 1000.  Ælfric, Exod. xxiv. 8. Þis ys þære treowðe blod þe Drihten eow behet be eallon þison spræcon.

58 1382.  Wyclif, Ex. xxiv. 8. This is the blood of the boond of pees, that the Lord couenauntide with ȝow [1611 the blood of the Couenant]. Ibid. (1382), Ephes. ii. 13. Ȝe that weren sum tyme ferr, ben maad nyȝ in the blood of Crist [1611 by the blood of Christ].

59 1644.  Direct. Publ. Worship, 26. The new Testament in the bloud of Christ.

60 1842.  Chalmers, Lect. Romans, lxxix. The sin … now washed away by the blood of a satisfying expiation.

61   c.  The guilt or responsibility of bloodshed.

62 c. 1000.  Ags. Gosp., Matt. xxvii. 25. Sy hys blod ofer us, and ofer ure bearn.

63 1382.  Wyclif, Lev. xx. 11. Thurȝ deth dien thei bothe; the blood of hem be vpon hem.

64 1611.  Bible, Matt. xxvii. 25. His blood be on vs, and on our children! Ibid., Josh. ii. 19. His blood shalbe vpon his head, and we will bee guiltlesse.

65   II.  Properties, attributes, and states of body or feeling connoted by blood. (Often derived from earlier superficial or erroneous notions of its character and action.)

66   † 4.  The vital fluid; hence, the vital principle, that upon which life depends; life. † b. For the blood of him: for the life of him, though his life were involved. Obs.

67 a. 1300.  Cursor M., 21462. His blod to sell.

68 1535.  Coverdale, Ps. lxxi. [lxxii.] 14. Deare shal their bloude be in his sight.

69 1592.  Shaks., Rom. & Jul., III. i. 188. He slew Mercutio, Who now the price of his deare blood doth owe.

70 1679.  Trial Wakeman, 83. These mens Bloods are at stake.

71 1694.  R. L’Estrange, Fables, 12. A Royston Crow … could not for his blood break the shell.

72 1734.  trans. Rollin’s Anc. Hist. (1827), VI. xv. § 18. 299. This silver was no other than the blood of nations.

73 1740.  Christmas Entertainm., v. (1884), 51. He could not get over the Stile for the Blood of him.

74   5.  The supposed seat of emotion, passion; as in ‘it stirs the blood,’ ‘it makes the blood creep’ or ‘run cold,’ ‘his blood is up,’ ‘my blood boils’; whence, Passion, temper, mood, disposition; emphatically, high temper, mettle; anger. Very frequent in Shakespeare: now chiefly in certain phrases, as To breed bad or ill blood: to stir up strife, cause ill-feeling. In cold blood: not in the heat of passion, deliberately.

75 a. 1300.  Cursor M., 5054. Quen þe tan þe toþer sei Na wight moght þair blodes lei.

76 a. 1330.  Otuel, 70. Tydinges … Þat amoeuede al here blod.

77 1526.  Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W., 1531), 37 b. Theyr blode and imaginacyon is sore troubled.

78 1596.  Shaks., Merch. V., I. ii. 20. The braine may deuise lawes for the blood, but a hot temper leapes ore a colde decree. Ibid. (1597), 2 Hen. IV., IV. iv. 38. When you perceiue his blood enclin’d to mirth. Ibid. (1605), Lear, IV. ii. 64. Were’t my fitness To let these hands obey my blood.

79 1626.  Massinger, Rom. Actor, IV. ii. Carry her to her chamber … till in cooler blood I shall determine of her.

80 1646.  Buck, Rich. III., II. 61. High in bloud and anger.

81 1704.  Swift, Batt. Bks. (1711), 232. Hot words passed … and ill Blood was plentifully bred.

82 1787.  T. Jefferson, Corr. (1830), 273. It would not excite ill blood in me.

83 1823.  Lamb, Elia, Poor Relat. Bad blood [was] bred.

84 1868.  Freeman, Norm. Conq. (1876), II. viii. 271. The taking away of human life in cold blood.

85 1879.  Froude, Cæsar, vii. 65. The blood of the people was up.

86   6.  The supposed seat of animal or sensual appetite; hence, the fleshly nature of man.

87 1597.  Shaks., Lover’s Compl., 162. Nor gives it satisfaction to our blood, That we must curb it upon others proof. Ibid. (1610), Temp., IV. i. 53. The strongest oathes, are straw To th’ fire ith’ blood.

88   7.  Hunting phrase, In blood: in full vigor, full of life. Out of blood: not vigorous, lifeless. (As applied to hounds the expression refers perhaps to the tasting of blood.)

89 1588.  Shaks., L. L. L., IV. ii. 3. The Deare was … sanguis in blood, ripe as a Pomwater. Ibid. (1596), 1 Hen. IV., IV. ii. 48. If we be English Deere, be then in blood.

90 1781.  P. Beckford, Hunting (1802), 308. When hounds are out of blood, there is a kind of evil genius attending all that they do … while a pack of fox-hounds well in blood, like troops flushed with conquest, are not easily withstood.

91   III.  Race and kindred as connoted by blood.

92   8.  Blood is popularly treated as the typical part of the body which children inherit from their parents and ancestors; hence that of parents and children, and of the members of a family or race, is spoken of as identical, and as being distinct from that of other families or races.

93   Blue blood: that which flows in the veins of old and aristocratic families, a transl. of the Spanish sangre azul attributed to some of the oldest and proudest families of Castile, who claimed never to have been contaminated by Moorish, Jewish, or other foreign admixture; the expression probably originated in the blueness of the veins of people of fair complexion as compared with those of dark skin. Fresh blood: the introduction in breeding of a new strain or stock not related by blood to the family; fig. new members or elements, with new ideas and experiences, admitted to a society or organization.

94 1377.  Langl., P. Pl., B. XI. 193. For alle are we crystes creatures … And bretheren as of o blode.

95 c. 1440.  Gesta Rom., I. xlii. 141. The othir too bethe bastardes, and not of his blode.

96 1543.  Earl of Angus, Lett., in Tytler, Hist. Scot. (1864), III. 8, note. Considering the proximite of blude that was betwix us.

97 1608.  Yorksh. Trag., I. ii. 199. You are a gentleman by many bloods.

98 1611.  Bible, Acts xvii. 26. [God] hath made of one blood all nations of men.

99 a. 1631.  Donne, Poems (1658), 1. And in this flea our two blouds mingled be.

100 1734.  Pope, Ess. Man, IV. 201. Your antient but ignoble blood Has crept thro’ Scoundrels ever since the Flood.

101 1768.  Blackstone, Comm., II. 203. So many different bloods is a man said to contain in his veins, as he hath lineal ancestors.

102 1776.  Gibbon, Decl. & F., I. 34. The pure blood of the ancient citizens.

103 1834.  Mar. Edgeworth, Helen, xv. (D.). One [officer] … from Spain, of high rank and birth, of the sangre azul, the blue blood.

104 1838.  Arnold, Hist. Rome, I. ii. 25. A mixed race in which other blood was largely mixed with that of the Latins.

105 1879.  Froude, Cæsar, xi. 120. A young nobleman of the bluest blood.

106 Mod.  You want some fresh blood to give new life and activity to your society.

107   9.  Hence, Blood-relationship, and esp. parentage, lineage, descent; also in a wider sense: Family, kin, race, stock, nationality. Blood royal or the blood: royal race or family.

108   Whole blood: race or relationship by both father and mother, as distinguished from that of half blood, relationship by one parent only. Hence concr. half-blood: one whose blood is half that of one race and half that of another, e.g., the offspring of a European and an Indian.

109 c. 1250.  Gen. & Ex., 1451. He was bigeten of kinde blod.

110 c. 1400.  Destr. Troy, 6226. His brother of blud.

111 c. 1430.  Syr Tryam., 430. Sche was of gentylle blode.

112 1513.  More, Edw. V. (1641), 5. The Queene or the Nobles of her Bloud.

113 1602.  Warner, Alb. Eng., XI. lxvii. (1612), 284. This Ladie also of the blood, and heire vn to her father, A mightie Prince.

114 1605.  Verstegan, Dec. Intell., Ded. Your Maiestie is descended of the chiefest bloud Royall of our antient English-Saxon Kings.

115 1650.  R. Stapylton, Strada’s Low-C. Wars, III. 6. Anthony of Bourbon … being the first Prince of the bloud.

116 1697.  Potter, Antiq. Greece, I. viii. (1715), 40. The distinction … between those of the whole, and those of the half Blood of Athens.

117 1798.  Bay, Amer. Law Rep. (1809), I. 109. Covenant to stand seised cannot be supported except by consideration of blood.

118 1807.  Crabbe, Par. Reg., III. 528. They proved the blood, but were refused the land.

119 1810.  Colebrooke, Hindu Law Inherit., 180. The distinction regarding the whole and the half blood is contradicted [etc.].

120 1820.  Scott, Monast., xiii. The old proverb … ‘Gentle deed Makes gentle bleid’ (with play on sense 1).

121 Proverb.  Blood is thicker than water.

122   10.  concr. Persons of any specified ‘blood’ or family collectively; blood-relations, kindred, family, race.

123 1382.  Wyclif, Sel. Wks., III. 515. Alle lordis and ladies and here blod and affinite.

124 1413.  Lydg., Pylgr. Sowle, IV. xxxi. (1483), 80. His kynrede that is the royal blood of the reame.

125 1475.  Bk. Noblesse, 2. Arthur, king of the Breton bloode.

126 1595.  Shaks., John, III. i. 301. Daul. Father, to Armes! Blanch. Vpon thy wedding day? Against the blood that thou hast married?

127 a. 1649.  Drumm. of Hawth., Hist. Scot. (1655), 2. He being now matched with the Royall Blood of England in Marriage.

128 1681.  Dryden, Abs. & Achit., 641. By that one Deed Enobles all his Blood.

129 1838.  Arnold, Hist. Rome, I. 107. He [Brutus] had loved justice more than his own blood.

130 1884.  W. C. Smith, Kildrostan, 66. Your ancestors were … mated with the best blood of the land.

131   † b.  A family descended from a common ancestor; a clan or sept. Obs.

132 1612.  Davies, Why Ireland (1787), 79. Five principal bloods, or septs, of the Irish, were by special grace enfranchised.

133   c.  To run in the (formerly a) blood: i.e., in a family or race.

134 1621.  Sanderson, Serm., I. 178. Tempers of the mind and affections become hereditary, and (as we say) run in a blood.

135 1641.  Milton, Ch. Govt., iv. Wks. (1851), 112. Unlesse we shall choose our Prelats only out of the Nobility, and let them runne in a blood.

136 a. 1703.  Burkitt, On N. T., Matt. xiv. 5. Cruelty runs in a blood.

137 1774.  Sheridan, Rivals, IV. ii. Tell her ’tis all our ways—it runs in the blood of our family.

138   11.  More particularly: Offspring, child, near relative, one dear as one’s own offspring. Formerly in sing., with pl. bloods.

139 c. 1374.  Chaucer, Troylus, II. 545. Now beth nought wroth, my blode, my nece.

140 1525.  Ld. Berners, Froiss., II. ccxlii. [ccxxxviii.] 748. To se suche difference within ye realme, and bytwene his nephues and blode.

141 1682.  Dryden, Mac Fl., 166. Thou art my blood where Jonson has no part.

142 1741.  H. Walpole, Corr., I. 99. I have so many cousins, and uncles, and aunts and bloods that grow in Norfolk.

143   b.  (Own) flesh and blood: near kindred, children, brothers and sisters. See FLESH.

144   12.  Blood worth mention, good blood; good parentage or stock. (Cf. BIRTH sb.1 5 b.) a. Of human beings: Noble or gentle birth, good family.

145 1393.  Gower, Conf., III. 330. They be worthy men of blood.

146 1526.  Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W., 1531), 92. Bostynge hym selfe of his auncestres and kynrede, or of his rychesse or blode.

147 1642.  Fuller, Holy & Prof. St., V. xix. 436. Others were upstarts, men of no bloud.

148 1789.  Mrs. Piozzi, Journ. France & It., I. Blood enjoys a thousand exclusive privileges.

149 1855.  Macaulay, Hist. Eng., III. 209. The highest pride of blood.

150 1860.  Emerson, Cond. Life, v. (1861), 104. The obstinate prejudice in favour of blood, which lies at the base of the feudal and monarchical fabrics of the old world.

151   b.  Of bred animals: Good breed or pedigree.

152 1817.  J. Scott, Paris Revisit. (ed. 4), 188. That quality which may be termed the nobility of animal nature; which is called blood, and game, in the inferior creatures.

153 1846.  Eg.-Warburton, Hunt. Songs, Gros-Veneur In horses and hounds there is nothing like blood.

154 1859.  Blackw. Mag., Sept., 269/1. The limbs … of a cleanness and beauty of outline enough alone to stamp blood on their possessor.

155   c.  attrib. Also ellipt. blood = blood-horse.

156 1800.  A. Carlyle, Autobiog., iii. (1860), 146. A couple of grooms leading four fine blood-horses.

157 1818.  Scott, Rob Roy, vii. A bit of a broken-down blood-tit condemned to drag an over-loaded cart.

158 1824.  W. Irving, T. Trav., I. 228. A politely spoken highwayman on a blood mare.

159 c. 1865.  R. Sullivan, Lady Betty’s Pocket-bk. A spark of quality, who drove four bloods.

160   13.  To restore in or to blood: to readmit to forfeited privileges of birth and rank those who by attainder of themselves or their ancestors lie under sentence of ‘corruption of blood’; see ATTAINDER.

161 1591.  Shaks., 1 Hen. VI., III. i. 159. Our pleasure is, That Richard be restored to his Blood.

162 1633.  T. Stafford, Pac. Hib., iii. (1821), 47. His Vncle Sir Edmond is not restored in blood.

163 1752.  Johnson, Rambl., No. 192, ¶ 7. A kind of restoration to blood after the attainder of trade.

164   IV.  A person.

165   † 14.  [from 1.] One in whom blood flows, a living being. Obs.

166 c. 1250.  Gen. & Ex., 1192. A ðhusant plates of siluer god Gaf he sarra ðat faire blod.

167 a. 1300.  Cursor M., 1055. Þis abel was a blissed blod.

168 c. 1314.  Guy Warw. (1840), 154. Thou fel treytour, unkinde blod.

169 1382.  Wyclif, Deut. xxvii. 26. That he smyte the soule of the innocent blood.

170   15.  ‘A hot spark, a man of fire’ J.; a ‘buck,’ a ‘fast’ or foppish man, rake, roisterer. [Generally appearing to arise out of sense 5, but in many cases associated with sense 12 as if = aristocratic rowdy.] Obs. in Great Britain except as a reminiscence of last [18th] century.

171 1562.  Bulleyn, Sicke Men, &c. 73 a. A lustie blood, or a pleasaunte brave young roister.

172 1595.  Shaks., John, II. i. 278. As many and as well-borne bloods as those.

173 1622.  Bacon, Hen. VII., 49. The Newes … put diuers Young Bloods into such a furie.

174 1749.  H. Walpole, Corr. (1837), I. 140. Anecdotes of the doctor’s drinking, who, as the man told us, had been a blood.

175 1763.  Brit. Mag., IV. 261. The buck and blood [suppose wisdom to consist] in breaking windows and knocking down watchmen.

176 1774.  Goldsm., Author’s Bed-Ch., 4. The drabs and bloods of Drury-lane.

177 1824.  W. Irving, T. Trav., I. 341. I now … became a blood upon town.

178 1848.  Thackeray, Van. Fair, x. A perfect and celebrated ‘blood’ or dandy about town.

179 1882.  Harper’s Mag., March, 490/2. These vessels [privateers] were commanded and manned by the bloods of the city [of New York].

180   b.  ‘Young blood’ no longer implies a rake or ‘fast’ man, but simply a youthful member of a party, who brings to it youthful freshness and vigor; cf. 8.

181 1862.  Sat. Rev., 8 Feb., 159. To give the young bloods of the present day a notion of what the Northern Circuit was in the year 1825.

182 1885.  Manch. Exam., 13 July, 5/6. The younger bloods in the Irish party are looking forward with eager delight to the occurrence of a scene.

183   V.  Technical senses.

184   † 16.  A disease in sheep and in swine. Obs.

185 1523.  Fitzherb., Husb., § 48. There is a sicknes among shepe … called the bloude.

186 1741.  Compl. Fam.-Piece, III. 495. The Blood in Sheep … we take to be a sort of Measles or Pox. Ibid., 501. The Blood in Swine, or the Gargut, as some call it.

187 1787.  Winter, Syst. Husb., 223. A disorder [in swine] generally called (in this part of the country) the blood.

188   17.  A commercial name for Red Coral.

189 1861.  Hulme, trans. Moquin-Tandon, II. III. ii. 88. Five varieties of Coral are known in commerce … 1, the Froth of Blood; 2nd the Flower of Blood; 3rd, 4th, and 5th, Blood of the first, second, and third quality.

190   VI.  Comb. and Attrib.

191   18.  General combinations (These being formed at will, only a few samples are given): a. attributive, as (sense 1) blood-beat, -circulation, -clot, -corpuscle, -drop, -mark, -spot, -stream; (senses 3, 4) blood-field, -rite, -sacrifice, spirit, -trade, -value; (senses 8, 9) blood-affinity, -bond, -brother, -brotherhood, -descendants, feud, -friend, -kinship, -name. b. objective, with pres. pple., n. of agent or action, as (sense 1) blood-circulating, -spiller, -spilling, -sprinkling, -sweating; (senses 3–4) blood-loving, -offering, -monger, -seller, -wreaker; (sense 5) as blood-curdling, -stirring, hence -stirringness. c. instrumental and locative, as (sense 1) blood-bedabbled, -besprinkled, -bubbling, -discolo(u)red, -drenched, -dyed, -filled, -flecked, -frozen, -gushing, -plashed, -tinctured; (senses 3, 4) blood-bought, -cemented, -defiled, -fired, -polluted. d. parasynthetic and similative, as blood-colo(u)red, -faced, -hued, etc.

192 1865.  Tylor, Early Hist. Man., x. 278. The seventh degree of *blood-affinity is the limit.

193 1621.  Quarles, Argalus & P. (1678), 119. She prostrate lay Before their *blood-bedabled feet.

194 1593.  Shaks., 2 Hen. VI., V. i. 117. O *blood-bespotted Neopolitan.

195 1601.  Yarrington, Two Lament. Traj., II. v. in Bullen, O. Pl., IV. His dissevered *blood-besprinkled lims.

196 1645.  Rutherford, Tryal & Tri. Faith (1845), 178. *Blood-bonds, nature-relations are mighty.

197 1779.  Cowper, Hymn, ‘There is a fountain.’ A *blood-bought free reward.

198 1879.  Todd, Cycl. Anat. & Phys., IV. 668/1. In which [apartment] are located the *blood-circulating organs.

199 1818.  Carlyle, Sart. Res., III. vii. A *blood-circulation, visible to the eye.

200 1859.  Todd, Cycl. Anat. & Phys., V. 562/2. The *blood-clot … generally found contained within the ruptured airsac.

201 1762–71.  H. Walpole, Vertue’s Anecd. Paint. (1786), V. 97. A *blood-coloured ribband with Death’s head, swords, &c.

202 1593.  Shaks., 2 Hen. VI., III. ii. 61. Might … *blood-consuming sighes recall his Life.

203 1875.  B. Taylor, Faust, II. III. 171. With *blood-discolored eyes.

204 1823.  Byron, Island, III. iv. *Blood-drops, sprinkled o’er his yellow hair.

205 1873.  Symonds, Grk. Poets, vii. 227. Hound not Those *blood-faced, snake-encircled women on me.

206 1858.  Froude, Hist. Eng., IV. xviii. 8. A *blood-feud, deep and ineffaceable divided the Douglases and the Hamiltons.

207 1535.  Coverdale, Matt. xxvii. 8. Wherfore the same felde is called the *bloudfelde vnto this daye.

208 1645.  G. Daniel, Poems, Wks. 1878, II. 9. Though the *blood-fir’d Ruffian, rageing come.

209 1596.  Spenser, F. Q., I. ix. 25. Yet nathëmore … Could his *blood-frozen heart emboldned bee.

210 a. 1711.  Ken, Hy. Evang., Poet. Wks. 1721, I. 57. *Blood-gushing Veins.

211 a. 1849.  J. C. Mangan, Poems (1859), 121. That lone flower, *blood-hued at heart.

212 1535.  Coverdale, Mark v. 25. There was a woman which has a *bloudeyssue twelue yeares.

213 1883.  A. Lang, in Contemp. Rev., Sept., 410. Exogamy is the prohibition of marriage within the supposed *blood-kinship, as denoted by the family name.

214 1827.  Byron, Sardan., I. ii. 238. That *blood-loving beldame, My martial grandam, chaste Semiramis.

215 1858.  Gladstone, Homer, I. 163. In the fourth and fifth of the divisions in the Trojan Catalogue Homer specifies no *blood-name or name of race whatever.

216 1725.  Pope, Odyss., I. 40. A *blood-polluted Ghost.

217 1602.  Warner, Alb. Eng., XI. lxv. 279. Not of the Samoeds … *blood-Rites wil we tarry.

218 1801.  Moore, Ring, lvi. 221. He saw the *blood-scrawled name.

219 a. 1674.  Clarendon, Hist. Reb., III. XI. 204. They had … terrified the People with *Blood-Spectacles.

220 1818.  Scott, Rob Roy, xxvi. Honour is a homicide and a *blood-spiller.

221 1585.  Abp. Sandys, Serm. (1841), 257. We shall behold nothing but rape, spoil, *blood-spilling.

222 1861.  Gen. P. Thompson, Audi Alt., III. cxliv. 128. Keeping down the *blood-spirit unhappily inherent in all mankind.

223 1860.  G. H. K., Vac. Tour, 118. There is many a broad *blood-spot in your country.

224 1880.  Saintsbury, in Academy, 4 Dec., 397. This same quality of *blood-stirringness.

225 c. 1205.  Lay., 28359. Ȝurren þa stanes mid þan *blodstremes.

226 c. 1240.  Lofsong, in Lamb. Hom., 207. In his *blodswetunge.

227 1860.  Gen. P. Thompson, Audi Alt., III. ci. 2. It is all the same where the war is, so the *blood-trade flourishes.

228 1880.  Browning, Muleykeh, 9. Ten thousand camels the due, *Blood-value paid perforce for a murder done of old.

229 1382.  Wyclif, Josh. xx. 5. Whanne the *bloodwreker hym pursue.

230   19.  Special comb.: † blood-band, a bandage for stopping bleeding; blood-baptism, in reference to the early Christians, the martyrdom of converts who had not been baptized; blood-bath, ‘a bath in warm blood … supposed to be a very powerful tonic in great debility from long-continued diseases, etc.’ (Syd. Soc. Lex., s.v. Bath); also (as in Ger., Du., Da., Sw.) a wholesale slaughter, a massacre; blood-bay a., a reddish bay (color); † blood-boltered ppl. a., clotted or clogged with blood, esp. having the hair matted with blood; [see BALTER]; † blood-bulk (cf. BULK); † blood-craft, murderous plot; † blood-eyes, blood-shot eyes; blood-fine, a fine paid as whole or part compensation for murder; blood-flower (Bot.), Hæmanthus; blood-frenzy, a frenzy for shedding blood, homicidal mania; blood-hot, excited for bloodshed; † blood-hunter, one who tracks the authors of crimes of blood, one who tracks criminals; † blood-pudding, a black-pudding; blood-rain, rain that has acquired a red color; also an appearance produced by the rapid growth of a minute plant which has been referred to the Algæ, Palmella prodigiosa (Treas. Bot.); blood-raw a., (of meat) so lightly cooked that the blood remains red and liquid; blood-ripe a., (of fruit) so ripe that the juice has become blood-colored, hence blood-ripeness; † blood-run a., bloodshot; blood-sausage, a black-pudding; † blood-shrunk a., having the blood or vital principle dried up, withered; blood-stick (see quot.); blood-tree (Bot.), Croton gossypiifolium; blood-vein, a kind of moth (Bradyepetes amataria); † blood-weed (Bot.), a species of Polygonum; † blood-wipe, a wound, also a kind of small club or truncheon; blood-wood; a name applied to several foreign trees, e.g., in Jamaica Gordonia hæmatoxylon, in Norfolk Island Baloghia lucida, in Australia various species of Eucalyptus, in India Lagerstrœmia reginæ; blood-worthy a., sufficient to warrant bloodshed; blood-wound, a wound from which blood flows, as distinguished from one in which the skin is not broken.

231 a. 1225.  Ancr. R., 420. Ne *blod-bendes of seolke.

232 a. 1400[?].  Morte Arth., 2576. Us bus have a blodebande.

233 1837.  Carlyle, Fr. Rev., I. VI. iii. 277. A Great Personage worn out by debauchery was believed to be in want of *Blood-baths.

234 1867.  Freeman, Norm. Conq., I. vi. 454. The marriages of Emma would seem to have required a *blood-bath as their necessary attendant.

235 1709.  Lond. Gaz., No. 4521/4. Stoln … a *blood-bay Mare.

236 1605.  Shaks., Macb., IV. i. 123. Now I see ’tis true, For the *Blood-bolter’d Banquo smiles vpon me.

237 1848.  Miller, First Impr., ii. (1857), 23. The old blood-boltered barons.

238 1563–87.  Foxe, A. & M. (1596), 711/1. His *bloudbulke was broken by reason they had so vily beaten him and brused him.

239 1575.  Turberv., Bk. Venerie, 129. Up to the mydryffe between the Bloudboulke and the sides.

240 1561.  Daus, trans. Bullinger on Apoc. (1573), 225 b. Fornications, wonderful surfetting, *bloudcraftes and counselles.

241 1607.  Topsell, Serpents, 695. An Eye-salve against the whitenesse and *bloud-eyes.

242 1851.  Sir F. Palgrave, Norm. & Eng., I. 489. The Were or *bloodfine for every Dane who had been killed.

243 1880.  Burton, Reign Q. Anne, III. xv. 80. The *blood-frenzy called in the East running amuck.

244 1865.  Kingsley, Herew., xviii. 227. He would not allow his men to enter the city while they were *bloodhot.

245 1794.  Godwin, Cal. Williams, 262. The sordid and mechanical occupation of a *blood-hunter.

246 1583.  Plat, Divers New Exper. (1594), 13. Boile this bloud … until it come to the nature and shape of a *bloudpudding.

247 1741.  Richardson, Pamela, I. 94. I hope to make my hands as red as a Blood-pudden.

248 1866.  Berkeley, in Treas. Bot., I. 150. One curious point about the fungous *Bloodrain … when cultivated on rice paste.

249 1882.  Geikie, Text-bk. Geol., III. II. i. § 2. 326. Rain falling through such a dust-cloud mixes with it, and … is popularly called *blood-rain.

250 c. 1590.  Marlowe, Faust., iv. 9. He would give his soul to the devil for a shoulder of mutton though it were *blood-raw.

251 1871.  M. Collins, Mrq. & Merch., III. xi. 249. An aged mulberry-tree … overladen with *blood-ripe fruit.

252 1826.  E. Irving, Babylon, II. 325. The vine of the earth, which hath brought her grapes to *blood-ripeness.

253 a. 1674.  Clarendon, Hist. Reb., II. VII. 342. When the eyes of the mind, no more *blood-run with passion, did discern things right.

254 1634.  Ford, Perkin Warb., I. i. (1839), 99. Sending to this *blood-shrunk commonwealth A new soul.

255 1872.  Youatt, Horse, xxii. 458. A *blood-stick—a piece of hard wood loaded at one end with lead—is used to strike the fleam into the vein.

256 1885.  Lady Brassey, The Trades, 112. The *blood-tree … when wounded, sends forth a juice like blood.

257 1802.  J. Rennie, Butterflies and M., 115. The *Blood Vein … appears at the end of June.

258 1611.  Cotgr., Playe, a wound, *bloudwipe, sore cut.

259 1661.  Ray, Itin. (1760), 144. A small Mace for the Water-Bailiff; also another little one called the Blood-wipe, which they use in parting of Frays.

260 1880.  Silver’s Handbk. Australia, 275. Red mahogany, *bloodwood, and turpentine are both hard and durable.

261 1828.  Southey, in Q. Rev., XXXVIII. 575. In their opinion, the differences between the Roman Catholic and the Protestant are what they call *bloodworthy.

262 1841.  Tytler, Hist. Scot. (1864), III. 238. The bodies of both … were unscathed by fire or powder, and … no *blood-wound appeared on either.

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